S&P 500 and Nasdaq notch record closes after upbeat jobs report

Markets ended the week at record highs, powered by Nvidia’s climb toward a $4 trillion valuation and a stronger-than-expected US jobs report. But the real story sits beneath the surface: the sharp retreat in July rate cut odds and the quiet discomfort among institutional capital allocators. The US economy added 147,000 jobs in June—33% above consensus—while Congress passed a $3.4 trillion tax-and-spend bill that adds fuel to the fiscal engine.

This is not just another market bounce. It is a stress test of monetary credibility. With the labor market holding steady and fiscal stimulus accelerating, expectations of a dovish Fed pivot in July have collapsed. What remains is an awkward fiscal-monetary posture that forces sovereign funds and policy observers to ask a more difficult question: if this is resilience, what tools remain for when true weakness arrives?

Expectations of a July rate cut have eroded rapidly. CME FedWatch data now shows just a 32% chance of a 25-basis-point move, down from 74% last week. The reason is simple: a labor market that continues to surprise to the upside, even in the face of persistent inflationary pressure. The June print showed a 4.1% unemployment rate, lower than the expected 4.3%, while wage gains remained sticky.

In a vacuum, this could be read as an endorsement of policy patience. But with the House’s approval of President Trump’s massive fiscal package—an unprecedented $3.4 trillion expansion—macroeconomic alignment is no longer coherent. The US is now stimulating demand aggressively even as inflation remains uncomfortably above the 2% target.

The Fed is being cornered. It must now weigh the optics of restraint against a political cycle that is doubling down on fiscal largesse. That tension will shape yield curves far more than any short-term data beat.

Nvidia's rise to a $3.89 trillion market cap—and its looming challenge to Apple’s all-time valuation—symbolizes the market’s AI-driven momentum. The Nasdaq rose 1.02%, the S&P 500 0.83%, and the Dow 0.77%. For the week, gains were broadly supportive: the Russell 2000 index jumped 3.41%.

But the rally is retail-led. Trading volume fell well below 20-day averages. Institutional flows have not followed this run with equal conviction. Sovereign allocators and pension funds remain defensively postured, rotating into non-cyclicals and alternatives, with equity exposure increasingly concentrated in a few megacap names. This is not broad-based confidence. It is index-level strength masking allocation caution.

The approval of the tax-and-spend legislation further muddies the macro picture. On paper, large tax cuts and spending increases can stimulate growth. In practice, layered atop an already hot labor market and with core inflation still elevated, the move introduces new risk vectors.

The Congressional Budget Office projects that the legislation will add $3.4 trillion to the existing $36.2 trillion US debt burden. More critically, it pushes millions off government health insurance—an indirect labor cost shock that may shift wage pressure upward.

From a policy alignment standpoint, this is not stimulus with counter-cyclical justification. It is politically timed expansion with pro-cyclical distortion. For capital allocators, this creates tail risk scenarios where monetary tightening could return abruptly—not ease progressively.

In Asia and the Gulf, central banks and sovereign funds are unlikely to read this as a US soft landing. For the Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS), the labor data coupled with fiscal expansion in the US complicates exchange-rate policy adjustments. With imported inflation pressure rising, MAS’s NEER band management may tighten quietly even if rates remain static.

In the Gulf, peg regimes like those in Saudi Arabia and the UAE will remain tied to US rates. But the political optics of supporting a US-driven fiscal expansion—while managing domestic subsidy reforms—could strain alignment. Asset rebalancing behavior from Gulf sovereigns suggests growing preference for infrastructure, real assets, and non-US equity diversification.

None of these actors are front-running a recovery. They are building buffers for volatility.

Treasury markets absorbed the data without a tantrum, but there are signs of concern. Breakeven inflation rates are creeping upward, and demand at the long end is thinning. The bond market’s silence should not be mistaken for agreement. It reflects uncertainty.

In previous cycles, fiscal stimulus of this magnitude would warrant immediate bond repricing. Today, structural demand for US paper—driven by reserve mandates, institutional constraints, and still-residual safe-haven flows—delays the response. But it does not eliminate it. When the correction arrives, it may be sudden and lopsided.

The rally may cheer momentum investors, but it introduces deeper institutional concern. Sovereign allocators are not betting on July cuts—they are watching for volatility pockets and exit windows.

This market is pricing resilience. But the underlying system is flashing fiscal-monetary dislocation. The question is no longer “Will the Fed cut?” but “What if it can’t afford to—yet markets are already positioned as if it must?” The July rate cut may be off the table. But discipline risk is back on it.